1. Iqhosha lokucofa uhlobo, uyilo lweqhosha lemiqolo emininzi
2. Uxinzelelo lwe-double-layer yesisu, kulula ukuphinda uhlaziye umzimba omhle
3. Uxinzelelo lwe-cartilage yememori yoxinzelelo lwe-cartilage, uncedo lokurhoxiswa kwesisu
4. Ayiqengqeleki ncam ukuthintela ukutyibilika
5. Lifake igophe lomzimba elikhululekileyo akukho ziphelo zonakeleyo akukho manqaku